Who wrote the Quran?
The Quran is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God to the Prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel over a period of 23 years, from 610 CE to 632 CE. Muslims believe that the Quran is the literal word of God and the final revelation to humanity, superseding all previous revelations to other prophets, including the Torah, the Psalms, and the Gospel.
According to Islamic tradition, the Prophet Muhammad was an illiterate man who lived in Mecca, in what is now Saudi Arabia, and began receiving revelations from God at the age of 40. These revelations were in the form of recitations, which Muhammad would memorize and then recite to his followers, who would in turn memorize and pass them on to others.
The Quran was compiled in its current form during the reign of the third caliph, Uthman, in the mid-7th century, about 20 years after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. Uthman commissioned a committee of scholars to compile and standardize the text of the Quran, which had previously existed in various written and oral forms. The committee compared different versions of the Quran that were circulating at the time and decided on a single standardized version, which was then distributed throughout the Islamic world.
The Quran is divided into 114 chapters, or surahs, which are arranged roughly in order of length. The longest chapter is the second, which has 286 verses, while the shortest is the 108th, which has only 3 verses. Each chapter is further divided into verses, or ayat, which vary in length from a single word to several sentences.
The language of the Quran is classical Arabic, which was the language of the Arabian Peninsula at the time of the Prophet Muhammad. The Quranic text is considered to be one of the finest examples of classical Arabic prose and poetry, and it has had a profound influence on the Arabic language and literature.
Muslims believe that the Quran is not only the literal word of God but also a miraculous work of literature, in that it is not possible for human beings to produce anything like it. This belief is based on several aspects of the Quran, including its linguistic beauty and complexity, its unique literary style, and its profound philosophical and ethical insights.
The Quranic text also contains numerous references to scientific phenomena that were not known to humanity at the time of its revelation, such as the expansion of the universe, the water cycle, and the development of the human embryo. Muslims believe that these references are evidence of the Quran’s divine origin and its prescience.
In conclusion, the Quran is believed by Muslims to be the literal word of God, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad over a period of 23 years in the form of recitations. The Quran was compiled in its current form during the reign of the third caliph, Uthman, and is considered to be one of the finest examples of classical Arabic literature. Muslims believe that the Quran is a miraculous work of literature, and its scientific references are seen as evidence of its divine origin.
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